Record Details

NHER Number:9200
Type of record:Monument
Name:New Buckenham, a medieval planned town

Summary

New Buckenham was laid out as a rectangular planned and fortified Norman town on a simple grid pattern attached to the D'Albini's castle (NHER 40577) in Old Buckenham parish between 1146 and 1176. It functioned as a small borough and market town. This is a remarkable example of a planned town that has generally kept to its original boundaries and layout. Within the defensive ditch are many very fine 15th to 18th century houses and the mostly 15th century parish church (NHER 40579).

Images - none

Location

Grid Reference:TM 086 904
Map Sheet:TM09SE
Parish:NEW BUCKENHAM, BRECKLAND, NORFOLK

Full description

This monument has been subdivided - see related records for further information.

Norman planned town founded 1146 to 1176, including early castle (NHER 40577) to west in Old Buckenham parish. Rare example of planned town that has generally kept to the original boundaries. The original planned town was a rectangle with its western edge on the east side of the castle's eastern bailey.
Includes scheduled monuments: castle (NHER 40577), chapel (NHER 39594) both in Old Buckenham parish.
Market house (NHER 40580) descheduled.
Town includes a number of very fine 15th to 18th century houses (see separate related records), and parish church (NHER 40579) mainly 15th century.

1978.
Butchery site excavated.
See NHER 40615.

1983.
Carved medieval stone found.
See NHER 40631.

1985.
Medieval sherd found.
See NHER 40626.

Observation of negative sites.
See NHER 40633 and 41286.

1986.
Casual finds medieval and post medieval sherds.
See NHER 40637.

1992.
Medieval/post medieval sherd found.
See NHER 40639.

1992.
Discovery of possible earlier course of Town Ditch with worked timbers.
See NHER 40623.

1993. Excavation of east arm of Town Ditch.
See NHER 40625.

1993. Fieldwalking. South bailey of castle (in Old Buckenham parish).
Produced Iron Age, Roman, Middle Saxon, Late Saxon, medieval sherds, etc.
See NHER 40624.

July 1995. Trial Trenching.
Evaluation excavation in Market Place.
Now recorded as NHER 40628.

December 1995. Trial Trench.
Evaluation excavation at Bowling Green.
Now recorded as NHER 40627.

October 1996. Trial Trenching.
An evaluation at Marsh Lane revealed the southern town ditch.
Now recorded as NHER 40626.

July 1999. Trial Trenching.
An evaluation at Old Police House revealed post-medieval features containing ironworking debris.
Now recorded as NHER 40629.

Excavation inside Corner Cottage.
Revealed pre-16th century pits with further metalworking.
See NHER 40611.

Earthwork survey. Castle (in Old Buckenham parish).
See NHER 40577.

Field observation. 2 Chapel Hill.
See NHER 40613.

E. Rose (NLA), 23 December 1999.
See file for full details, schedules, individual building reports, etc., including S. Heywood's report on the Chapel of St Mary (context 3).

These details have now been separated into new records as shown above. See NHER 9200 file for original documentation and lists.
M. Dennis (NLA), 12 May 2006.

2000. Garden of The Pleasance. Context 26.
Medieval sherd found.
See NHER 40635.

2000. Garden of Senton. Context 91.
Post medieval token found.
See NHER 40640.

October 2000. Field observation. TM 0879 9046. Context 92.
Medieval sherds found on contractors spoil heap.
See NHER 40622.
A. Rogerson, 13 November 2000.

Before 15 June 2001. In garden of 'Senton' King Street, at depth of about 60cm (2 feet). Context 91.
Information from [1].
Jar rim and quite fresh body sherd (with external sooting) medieval unglazed. Probably later 12th/13th century. The body sherd perhaps wheel thrown.
See NHER 40640.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 15 June 2001.

August 2001. Watching Brief. Monitoring of groundwork associated with construction of new garage at Tanyard Cottage.
See NHER 40641.
J. Allen (NLA), 24 August 2001.

October 2001. Watching brief.
Monitoring of pipe trench at St Martin's Church.
See NHER 40579.
D. Gurney (NLA), 24 December 2001.

2005.
Field observation and S17 management agreement for town defences.
See NHER 41233.

Monument Types

  • BRIDGE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • KILL SITE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PARK PALE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POND (Fish Pond, Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POST HOLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • RINGWORK (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TIMBER FRAMED BUILDING (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TOWN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TOWN DEFENCES (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TOWN DEFENCES (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POND (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WHIPPING POST (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds

  • METAL WORKING DEBRIS (Undated)
  • QUERN (Undated)
  • WORKED OBJECT (Undated)
  • POT (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • POT (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • POT (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • POT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
  • POT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • ANIMAL REMAINS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BRICK (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • ECOFACTS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FISH REMAINS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FLOOR TILE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • KNIFE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • MOLLUSCA REMAINS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • NAIL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PADLOCK (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PISCINA (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • QUERN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WINDOW (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • ANIMAL REMAINS (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BOTTLE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BRIQUETAGE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • CLAY PIPE (SMOKING) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • CLAY PIPE (SMOKING) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • DISC (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FLOOR TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FONT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • KNIFE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TOKEN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • VESSEL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WALL PAINTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WINDOW (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WORKED OBJECT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status

  • Management Statement

Sources and further reading

---Aerial Photograph: TM0890 J-M,AS-ABB; TM0990 F,G,ABC-ABG.
---Aerial Photograph: Edwards, D.A. (NLA). 1996. TM 0890ABH - ABU.
---Unpublished Document: H. Paterson (A&E), MPP. Section 17 Management Agreement.
---Article in Serial: Rutledge, P. 1999. New Buckenham: Two Borough Charters. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XLIII Pt II pp 313-317.
---Monograph: Liddiard, R.. 2000. Landscapes of lordship: Norman castles and the countryside in medieval Norfolk, 1066-1200.. pp 47-48.
---Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 2003. Timbers hiding a grain of truth. 3 November.
---Publication: Rutledge, P.. 2000. New Buckenham, a planned town at work 1530-1780.
---Record Card: NAU Staff. 1974-1988. Norfolk Archaeological Index Primary Record Card.
---Monograph: Longcroft, A (ed.). 2005. The Historic Buildings of New Buckenham. Journal of the Norfolk Historic Buildings Group. Vol 2.
---Unpublished Document: Rossi, A.P.. 1973. New Buckenham Conservation Study.
---Publication: Breckland District Council. 1988. New Buckenham.
---Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 1996. History of our 'green field' towns. 18 May.
---Article in Serial: Rutledge, P. 2007. New Buckenham in 1542. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XLV Pt II pp 222-231.
---Monograph: Pevsner, N and Wilson, B. 1999. Norfolk 2: North-West and South. The Buildings of England. 2nd Edition. p 559.
---Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 2010. The second Norman invasion. 28 July.
---Article in Serial: Rutledge, P. 1980. New Buckenham. The Archaeological Journal. Vol 137 pp 352-353.
---Record Card: Clarke, R. R. and NCM Staff. 1933-1973. Norwich Castle Museum Record Card - Medieval. Buckenham (New) [4].
---Secondary File: Secondary File.
---Slide: Various. Slide.
---Photograph: BVS 8-11, BPS 18,20, CCB 17a-18a, CYC 1-2.
---Collection: Norfolk Historic Environment Record Staff. 1975-[2000]. HER Record Notes. Norfolk Historic Environment Service.

Related records

40622Parent of: 12th century vessel from garage site (Find Spot)
40605Parent of: Almshouses Nos 1 & 2, Marsh Lane (Building)
40610Parent of: Almshouses Nos. 1-4, Castle Hill Road (Building)
40591Parent of: Antique shop and Post Office, King Street (Building)
40595Parent of: Bakehouse Cottage, King Street (Building)
40594Parent of: Bakehouse Pottery, King Street (Building)
40607Parent of: Beech House, Norwich Road (formerly The Bull Inn) (Building)
40604Parent of: Blair House and St Mary's Cottage, Queen Street/Market Place (Building)
40615Parent of: Cobwebs, formerly The Green formerly The House, Boosey's Walk (Building)
40611Parent of: Corner Cottage and Crawfords, Market Place (Building)
40621Parent of: Dial House (formerly Nostradomus), King Street (Building)
40617Parent of: Diken Cottage, The Old Swan and The Beams, King Street (Building)
40588Parent of: Eastell Cottage, King Street (Building)
40614Parent of: Eastview (No. 1) and No. 2, Chapel Hill (Building)
40590Parent of: Fairview (Building)
40598Parent of: Forge, Market Place (Building)
40642Parent of: Gable Cottage, Marsh Lane (Building)
40583Parent of: Hill House, Chapel Street (Building)
40609Parent of: Holly Lodge, Queen Street (Building)
40638Parent of: House plot between Marsh Lane and King Street (Find Spot)
40587Parent of: Houses west of Eastell Cottage, King Street (Building)
40602Parent of: King's Head Public House, Market Place (Building)
40593Parent of: King's Stores, King Street (Building)
40578Parent of: Lane's End, Marsh Lane (Building)
40596Parent of: Market Cross Cottage, Market Place (Building)
40580Parent of: Market House or Market Cross (Building)
40628Parent of: Market Place (Monument)
40634Parent of: Medieval and post medieval pot from garden of Rotherham Cottage, Chapel Street (Find Spot)
40635Parent of: Medieval and post medieval pot from the garden of The Pleasance, Queen Street (Find Spot)
40640Parent of: Medieval pot and post medieval token from the garden of Senton, King Street (Find Spot)
40637Parent of: Medieval pot from new house plot in Marsh Lane (Find Spot)
40639Parent of: Medieval to post medieval pot from Village Hall, Marsh Lane (Find Spot)
40626Parent of: Medieval town boundary ditch at Dicken Cottage, Marsh Lane (Monument)
40624Parent of: Multi-period finds from field southeast of New Buckenham Castle (Find Spot)
40584Parent of: No. 1 Chapel Street (Building)
40616Parent of: No. 3, Oak Cottage and Priory Cottage (formerly Yellow Cottage), Market Place (Building)
40613Parent of: Nos. 3 to 6 Chapel Hill (Building)
40620Parent of: Nos. 4, 5, 7 and 8 Chapel Street (Building)
40581Parent of: Old Vicarage, Chapel Street, New Buckenham (Building)
40643Parent of: Park House, Market Place (Building)
40600Parent of: Pickwick Cottage, Market Place (Building)
40585Parent of: Pinchpot (formerly McIntyre House), Chapel Street (Building)
40625Parent of: Possible medieval town boundary ditch near Tanning Lane (Monument)
40623Parent of: Possible town boundary ditch on southeast corner of Marsh Lane (Find Spot)
40633Parent of: Post medieval cobbled surfaces at Crossways Garage site (Monument)
40629Parent of: Post medieval industrial activity at The Old Police House, Chapel Street (Monument)
40627Parent of: Post medieval pits and post hole on The Old Bowling Green (Monument)
40631Parent of: Reused carved stone from rear of No. 8 Chapel Street (Find Spot)
40619Parent of: Saffron House, formerly Rookery Lodge, Booseys Walk (Building)
40589Parent of: Senton and Red Roof, King Street (Building)
40582Parent of: Site of Wesleyan Chapel (Monument)
40579Parent of: St Martin's Church, New Buckenham (Building)
39594Parent of: St Mary's Chapel (Building)
40603Parent of: St Mary's, Market Place (Building)
40641Parent of: Tanyard Cottage (Building)
40599Parent of: The Limes, Market Place (Building)
40586Parent of: The Old White Horse Inn and White Horse Cottage, King Street (Building)
40608Parent of: The Pleasance, Queen Street (Building)
40601Parent of: The Retreat, Market Place (Building)
40636Parent of: The Rookery (Building)
40606Parent of: The Thatched Cottage, Marsh Lane (Building)
40618Parent of: Three houses west of Tudor Rose Cottage, King Street (Building)
40630Parent of: Thyme Cottage, formerly Charliz, formerly The Cottage, Rosemary Lane (Building)
40592Parent of: Tudor Rose Cottage, King Street (Building)
40612Parent of: Undated pit in rear of No. 2, Chapel Hill (Monument)
40597Parent of: Wysteria House and Cottage, Market Place (Building)
41233Related to: Medieval town boundary ditch (Monument)
40577Related to: New Buckenham Castle (Monument)

Find out more...

Norfolk County Council logo Heritage Lottery Fund logo

Powered by HBSMR-web and the HBSMR Gateway from exeGesIS SDM Ltd, and mojoPortal CMS
© 2007 - 2024 Norfolk Historic Environment Service