Record Details

NHER Number:39268
Type of record:Monument
Name:Complex multi-phase prehistoric and Roman settlement site, Harford Park and Ride

Summary

Evaluation and excavation in advance of the construction of the Harford Park and Ride site revealed the presence of pits, ditches and post holes of prehistoric and Roman date and a Neolithic buried soil. Further excavation enabled the understanding of the sequence of activity on the site. Early Neolithic pits, post holes, gullies and a building were recorded. These were replaced by a Late Neolithic palisaded enclosure, pit groups and two clusters of post holes. A Late Bronze Age burial was recovered accompanied by two copper alloy axeheads, an iron awl and five pieces of gold leaf. Iron Age activity included linear ditches, pits and a single ring ditch. Roman field systems and a possible barn were also excavated.

Images - none

Location

Grid Reference:TG 21690 03939
Map Sheet:TG20SW
Parish:CAISTOR ST EDMUND, SOUTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK
KESWICK, SOUTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Full description

May to June 2003. Trial Trenching.
Evaluation of Harford Park and Ride site. From context 1.
Pits, ditches and post holes of prehistoric and Roman date were identified.
A Neolithic buried soil was also noted.
No separate report produced. Information from (S1).
The archive associated with this work has been deposited with the Norwich Castle Museum (NWHCM : 2011.198).
A. Cattermole (NLA), 7 September 2004. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 12 May 2019.

June-September 2003. Excavation.
Excavation of Harford Park and Ride site. Contexts to 3842.
Early Neolithic pits, post holes, gullies and a building were identified. The building was partially enclosed by a fence line and overlain by a buried soil. Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age activity was represented by a rectangular palisaded enclosure, pit groups and two clusters of post holes. Numerous isolated pits of this period were also recorded. Several Bronze Age pits were noted. A Late Bronze Age cremation burial accompanied by two bronze axe heads, an iron awl and five small pieces of gold leaf were also present. Iron Age activity was represented by linear ditches, pits and a single ring ditch. Roman field systems, an enclosure ditch and a building (possibly a barn) were recorded.
Final publication awaited. See assessment report (S1) for further details. The results of this work are also summarised in (S2).
The associated archive has been deposited with the Norwich Castle Museum (NWHCM : 2011.198).
A. Cattermole (NLA), 7 September 2004. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 12 May 2019.

July 2003. Air photos of excavation in progress.
D. Gurney (NLA), 22 July 2003.

See also (S3) for further information.

March 2009. Norfolk NMP.
The cropmarks relating to the excavated features of this site have been recorded separately within several chronologically phased sites, including a prehistoric enclosure (NHER 52140), Iron Age fields (NHER 52141), enclosures and fields of probably mid Roman date (NHER 9753), and two groups of fragmentary enclosures and fields of possible later prehistoric, late Iron Age to early Roman date or later Roman date (NHER 52145-6).
S. Horlock (NMP), 24 March 2009.

Monument Types

  • FINDSPOT (Prehistoric - 1000000 BC to 42 AD)
  • BUILDING (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • GULLY (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • PIT (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • POST HOLE (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • PALISADED ENCLOSURE (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • PIT (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • PIT CLUSTER (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • POST HOLE (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
  • PIT (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
  • CREMATION (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • DITCH (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Iron Age - 800 BC to 401 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Iron Age to Roman - 800 BC to 409 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • LINEAR EARTHWORK (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • PIT (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • RING DITCH (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Middle Iron Age to Late Iron Age - 400 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Iron Age - 100 BC to 42 AD)
  • BARN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • BUILDING (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • DITCH (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • ENCLOSURE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FIELD SYSTEM (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds

  • JEWS HARP (Unknown date)
  • FLAKE (Lower Palaeolithic to Late Iron Age - 500000 BC to 42 AD)
  • LEAF ARROWHEAD (Lower Palaeolithic to Late Iron Age - 500000 BC to 42 AD)
  • SCRAPER (TOOL) (Lower Palaeolithic to Late Iron Age - 500000 BC to 42 AD)
  • POT (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • POT (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • SIDE SCRAPER (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • POT (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • THUMB NAIL SCRAPER (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • POT (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
  • AWL (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • AXEHEAD (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • GOLD LEAF (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • POT (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
  • ANIMAL REMAINS (Early Iron Age to Roman - 800 BC to 409 AD)
  • POT (Early Iron Age - 800 BC to 401 BC)
  • POT (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • LOOMWEIGHT (Middle Iron Age to Late Iron Age - 400 BC to 42 AD)
  • COIN (Late Iron Age - 100 BC to 42 AD)
  • POT (Late Iron Age - 100 BC to 42 AD)
  • BOW BROOCH (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • NAIL (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • TILE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • BRICK (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COIN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status - none

Sources and further reading

---Unpublished Document: Department for Culture, Media and Sport and British Museum. 2008. Treasure Annual Report 2005/6. p 50; No 68; Figs 68.1-68.3.
---Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 2003. Site dig points to a rich period in our history. 2 October.
<S1>Unpublished Contractor Report: Trimble, G. 2004. Assessment Report and Post Excavation Project Design. Harford Park and Ride, Harford, Norfolk. Norfolk Archaeological Unit. 938.
<S2>Article in Serial: Gurney, D. and Penn, K. 2004. Excavations and Surveys in Norfolk 2003. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XLIV Pt III pp 573-588. p 579.
<S3>Oblique Aerial Photograph: Page, M.. 2003. NHER TG 2103 AG-AH.

Related records

52142Parent of: An Early Iron Age ring ditch, Harford Park and Ride (Monument)
52141Parent of: Iron Age field boundaries at Harford Park and Ride (Monument)
52145Parent of: Iron Age or Roman field boundaries at Harford Park and Ride (Monument)
52144Parent of: Post medieval field boundaries, Harford Park and Ride (Monument)
52140Parent of: Rectangular enclosure of possible Neolithic or later prehistoric date, Harford Park and Ride (Monument)
9753Parent of: Roman settlement, enclosures and fields, Harford Park and Ride site (Monument)
52147Parent of: Undated and multi-period cropmarks (Monument)

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