Record Details

NHER Number:26598
Type of record:Monument
Name:Carmelite Friary and Baptist Graveyard, Jarrolds/Whitefriars, Norwich

Summary

During the period of 2001-2002 archaeological investigations and excavations were carried out here. The earliest deposit encountered was a medieval river deposit above which lay a cobbled surface sealed by a cess-stained deposit which may coincide with the earliest phase of the Carmelite Friary or may pre-date it (pre-Friary deposits were generally un-excavated). A sequence of raft deposits overlaid the medieval river deposit above which friary floor surfaces were established. The lower parts of the friary walls survived well and it was possible to identify the east and north walks of the cloister, rooms off the cloister (including the warming room) and, probably, elements of the friary church to the south. A small but crowded area of post-medieval human burials overlaid the rooms to the north of a 'chapel'. These 'Anabaptist' burials belonged to the Baptist chapel of Priory Yard, which was in use between 1697 and 1875.

Images - none

Location

Grid Reference:TG 2344 0924
Map Sheet:TG20NW
Parish:NORWICH, NORWICH, NORFOLK

Full description

April 2001. Watching Brief.
Monitoring of geotechnical investigations and trenches excavated to investigate foundations of extant warehouse.
Recorded made ground over alluvium and gravels. No archaeological features or finds were encountered.
See report (S1) for further details.
Previously recorded as NHER 26586 [1].
D. Gurney (NLA), 6 February 2002. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 30 March 2015 and 2 September 2020.

September 2001. Desk-based Assessment.
See report (S2) for further details.

February-April 2002. Trial Trenching and Watching Brief.
Wall foundations and floors associated with the monastic buildings and rubble deposits associated with their destruction were recorded in four of six evaluation trenches. In addition, extensive structural remains of the friary and in situ deposits associated with the destruction of the monastery were identified during monitoring of the removal of foundations of the 1960's factory. Occupation following the dissolution of the monastery was seen to have continued along the street-front, and a post medieval cemetery was revealed on the north-eastern perimeter of the development area.
A watching brief was also conducted during the removal of concrete stanchions associated with the 1960's factory.
See report (S3) for further details. The results of this work are summarised in (S4). See also press cutting (S5).
J. Allen (NLA), 15 January 2002.

April-June 2002 and August 2003. Excavation and Watching Brief. Contexts 10000-12231.
The earliest deposit encountered was a medieval river deposit above which lay a cobbled surface sealed by a cess-stained deposit which may coincide with the earliest phase of the Carmelite Friary or may pre-date it (pre-Friary deposits were generally un-excavated). A sequence of raft deposits overlaid the medieval river deposit above which friary floor surfaces were established. The lower parts of the friary walls survived well and it was possible to identify the east and north walks of the cloister, rooms off the cloister (including the warming room) and, probably, elements of the friary church to the south. A small but crowded area of post-medieval human burials overlaid the rooms to the north of a 'chapel'. These 'Anabaptist' burials belonged to the Baptist chapel of Priory Yard, which was in use between 1697 and 1875.
See assessment report (S6) for further details. Final report awaited.
The associated archive has been deposited with the Norwich Castle Museum (NWHCM : 2016.485).
J. Allen (NLA) 11 March 2007. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 21 June 2019.

The mapped extent of this record has been corrected to better reflect the actual areas that were subject to archaeological work between 2001 and 2002 [2].
P. Watkins 2 September 2020.

Monument Types

  • BOUNDARY WALL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CARMELITE FRIARY (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CHAPTER HOUSE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CHURCH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CLOISTER (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CLOISTER GARTH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COBBLED SURFACE (NHER) (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • DRAIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FLOOR (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • GARDEROBE (Medieval to 19th Century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
  • GRAVE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PIT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POST HOLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WALL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WARMING HOUSE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WELL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • DRAIN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FLOOR (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • GRAVE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PIT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROBBER TRENCH (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WALL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WELL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BAPTIST BURIAL GROUND (17th Century to 19th Century - 1697 AD to 1875 AD)

Associated Finds

  • ANIMAL REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • BELL (Unknown date)
  • BIRD REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • BOOK FITTING (Unknown date)
  • BUCKLE (Unknown date)
  • BURNT FLINT (Unknown date)
  • CAME (Unknown date)
  • CHISEL? (Unknown date)
  • CLOTH SEAL (Unknown date)
  • DISC (Unknown date)
  • FISH REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • FLAKE (Unknown date)
  • HANDLE (Unknown date)
  • HEARTHSTONE (Unknown date)
  • HINGE (Unknown date)
  • INGOT (Unknown date)
  • LACE TAG (Unknown date)
  • MAMMAL REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • METAL WORKING DEBRIS (Unknown date)
  • MOLLUSCA REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • MOUNT (Unknown date)
  • MUSKET BALL (Unknown date)
  • NAIL (Unknown date)
  • OFFCUT (Unknown date)
  • PAINTED PLASTER (Unknown date)
  • PIN (Unknown date)
  • PIN (Unknown date)
  • PLANT MACRO REMAINS (Unknown date)
  • PLUMB BOB? (Unknown date)
  • POT MEND (Unknown date)
  • PURSE (Unknown date)
  • RING (Unknown date)
  • ROD (Unknown date)
  • ROVE (Unknown date)
  • SAMPLE (Unknown date)
  • SHOT (Unknown date)
  • STRAP FITTING (Unknown date)
  • STYLUS (Unknown date)
  • THIMBLE (Unknown date)
  • VESSEL? (Unknown date)
  • WASTE (Unknown date)
  • WEIGHT (Unknown date)
  • WHETSTONE (Unknown date)
  • FLAKE (Lower Palaeolithic to Late Iron Age - 500000 BC? to 42 AD?)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • IMBREX (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Early Saxon to Middle Saxon - 411 AD to 850 AD)
  • POT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • WORKED OBJECT (Late Saxon - 851 AD? to 1065 AD?)
  • ARCHITECTURAL FRAGMENT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BALANCE (Medieval to 19th Century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BOOK FITTING (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BRICK (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUTTON (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CAME (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FLOOR TILE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • HUMAN REMAINS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • JAR (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • JETTON (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • KNIFE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • KNIFE? (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • LACE TAG (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • NEEDLE HOLDER? (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PAINTED GLASS (WINDOW) (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PARCHMENT PRICKER? (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SLAG (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • STRAP END (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • STUD (Medieval to 19th Century - 1066 AD to 1900 AD)
  • STYLUS? (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • THIMBLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • VESSEL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WINDOW (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • APOTHECARY JAR (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BEAKER (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BELL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BOOK FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BOTTLE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BOWL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BRICK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BUTTON (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • BUTTON (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • CLAY PIPE (SMOKING) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • COFFIN FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • COFFIN FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • COIN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • DAGGER? (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FINGER RING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FLASK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FLOOR TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • GOBLET (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • GRAVE MARKER (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • JETTON (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • KNIFE? (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • LACE TAG (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PANTILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PENCIL? (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PENKNIFE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • SLAG (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • SUNDIAL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TEXTILE? (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • THIMBLE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TOKEN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TOY? (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • VESSEL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WHEEL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • WINDOW (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status - none

Sources and further reading

---Monograph: Pevsner, N. and Wilson, B. 1997. Norfolk 1: Norwich and North-East. The Buildings of England. 2nd Edition. pp 288-289.
---Secondary File: Secondary File.
<S1>Unpublished Contractor Report: Moss, N. 2002. Report on an Archaeological Watching Brief at Jarrold's Printworks, Whitefriars, Norwich. Norfolk Archaeological Unit. 602.
<S2>Unpublished Contractor Report: Penn, K. 2001. Jarrold's Printing Works, Whitefriars, Norwich. An Archaeological Desk-Based Assessment. Norfolk Archaeological Unit. 630.
<S3>Unpublished Contractor Report: Hadley, A. 2002. Whitefriars. A Statement of the Archaeological Potential of the site at Whitefriars, Norwich. A F Howland Associates. AFH01.
<S4>Article in Serial: Gurney, D. and Penn, K. (eds). 2003. Excavations and Surveys in Norfolk, 2002. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XLIV Pt II pp 368-384. p 379.
<S5>Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 2002. Shock find of skeletons sheds light on city past. 14 March.
<S6>Unpublished Contractor Report: Shelley, A. 2004. Excavations and Building Recording at Jarrold's Printing Works, Whitefriars, Norwich 2002-3. Assessment Report and Updated Project Design. Norfolk Archaeological Unit. 908.

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