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Norfolk Heritage Explorer

Record Details

NHER Number:	8446
Type of record:	Monument
Name:	Bronze Age hoard and other finds

Summary

Metal detecting within an area of cropmarks has recovered a wide variety of finds. In one area a large number of Late Bronze Age objects from a metalworker's hoard have been recovered over several years. These include fragments of socketed axeheads, spearheads, a dirk, a bracelet and metal working debris. A Roman figurine of a bird with a long neck, four medieval horse harness pendants and other medieval and post medieval finds have also been recovered. Cropmarks previously recorded under this NHER number are now recorded separately as NHER 49281 and 49283.

Images - none

Location

Grid Reference:	Not displayed
Map Sheet:	TG31NE
Parish:	HORNING, NORTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Full description

Context 2.
Cropmark of large rectangle.

1978.
Post medieval brick, tile and clay pipe.

February 1980. Metal detecting and fieldwalking.
Context 1. General spread over whole field concentrated on east side.
Bronze harness pendant depicting three mitres and three leaves. 14th or 15th century, (S1).
Pendant with engraved cross. 14th to 15th century.
Strapend or dress ornament, enamelled 17th century.
Suspension loop from medieval purse frame.
Medieval? Bronze boss from horse harness.
Bronze back plate from harness decoration. Unknown date.
Also other finds see list in file.

Context 3.
Possible Late Bronze Age hoard in ploughsoil.
Two socketed axes (one crushed).
One fragment socketed axe.
Five fragments of one spearhead.
One D-section bracelet fragment.

Context 4. Surface find.
Small Early Bronze Age flat axe.

See published report (S2) for further information on Late Bronze Age hoard.

May 1980.
Context 5.
Gold bar showing file marks.
Identified by British Museum, 1980.

17 June 1980.
Fourth harness pendant unlocated within field.
T. Gregory (NAU), 17 June 1980.

February 1981.
Context 3.
Bronze Age hoard area.
One plain broken socketed axe.
Another similar with two spearhead and one dirk fragment within.
One small socketed axe.
Two spearhead fragments.
One jet.
One hollow knob.
A. Lawson (NAU), 30 July 1981.

See (S3) for revised catalogue of Late Bronze Age hoard produced following 1981 discoveries. This draft publication entry was sent to J. Wymer (NAU) in 1984 - see correspondence in file. It includes a drawing of all the items found in 1980 and 1981 (S4).

April 1981.
Another horse harness pendant, quadrilobate, with enamelled lion passant in square field. Badly corroded.
See (S5).

April 1984. Metal-detecting.
Found with metal detector in same area as previous Bronze Age finds:
Part of socket and blade of socketed gouge.
Fragment of mouth and corner of socketed axehead, probably plain.
Fragment of bronze, unidentifiable but looks very much like part of the hoard.
See drawing (S6).
T. Gregory (NAU), 3 May 1984.

See file for complete list of hoard objects found in 1980, 1981 and 1984. This list includes a revised number sequence suggested by A. Lawson following the discovery of the additional objects in 1984 (see related correspondence in file).

Late 1986. Metal detecting.
Context 3. Site of Bronze Age finds.
Fragment leaf-shaped socketed spearhead.
Fragment of body of socketed axe.

Context 1.
One small rim Thetford ware or unglazed medieval.
Four sherds unglazed medieval.
One handle of late medieval/transitional.
T. Gregory (NAU), 22 January 1987.

8 January 1987. Metal detecting.
Context 3.
Fragment of wing and socket of leaf shaped socketed spearhead.
Fragment 3cm wide of body of socketed axe.
See drawing (S7).
These finds may be the same as the late 1986 entry.
J.J. Wymer (NAU), 8 January 1987.

1996. Metal detecting finds.
?Roman figurine, medieval coins, post medieval tokens.

1998. Metal detecting find.
Late Bronze Age axe.
For full details see secondary file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 18 May 1999.

8 July 1996. NLA air photography.
Cropmarks of enclosure previously recorded visible.
In addition to this, several linear features can be seen as cropmarks, as can a broad curving (U-shaped) ditch in the southern part of the site. This ditch is enclosure-like in appearance, although it is possible that it is actually some form of water channel (considering its proximity to the river).
H. Clare (NLA), 26 September 2001.

Before 21 May 1998. Metal detecting.
Context 3. At TG 3575 1660.
Complete socketed axe found, part of hoard, (S8).
A. Rogerson (NLA), 17 November 2000.

February 1999. Metal detecting.
Medieval cast brooch pin from an annular brooch, with simple moulding at edge of loop. The tip is cut away to rest neatly on the brooch frame.
K. Sussams (NCM), 20 May 1999.

August to September 1999. Metal detecting.
Late Bronze Age fragment of a socketed axehead, blade only, very worn and with old breaks. 30.71g, (S9).
Identified by by A. Rogerson (NLA), 4 October 1999.
K. Hinds (NLA), 7 March 2000.

October to November 1999. Metal detecting.
Medieval coin. See list in file.
K. Hinds (NLA), 27 March 2000.

March 2007. Norfolk NMP
Cropmarks previously recorded under this NHER number are now recorded separately as NHER 49281 and 49283.
J. Albone (NMP), 26 March 2007

May- June 2009. Metal detecting.
Medieval pottery sherds,
See list in file
A. Rogerson, (NLA), 24 July 2009.

Romano-British figurine/vessel/spoon handle in the form of a heron’s head and neck, found in 1996, was re-identified as a post-medieval furniture fitting, cf. a complete and almost identical example with inserted iron fixing from Postwick (HER 30401), and another fragmentary example from Hales (HER 21515).
A. Rogerson (HES), 9 December 2009.

Monument Types

DITCH (Unknown date)
LINEAR FEATURE (Unknown date)
RECTANGULAR ENCLOSURE (Unknown date)
FINDSPOT (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
FINDSPOT (Early Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 1501 BC)
FINDSPOT (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
FINDSPOT (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
FINDSPOT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
FINDSPOT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
FINDSPOT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds

HARNESS (Undated)
INGOT (Undated)
BRACELET (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
FLAT AXEHEAD (Early Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 1501 BC)
GOUGE (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Bronze Age - 2350 BC to 701 BC)
HOARD (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
METAL WORKING DEBRIS (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
SOCKETED AXEHEAD (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
SPEAR (Late Bronze Age - 1000 BC to 701 BC)
POT (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
POT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
BROOCH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
COIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
HARNESS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
PENDANT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
PURSE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
BRICK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
CLAY PIPE (SMOKING) (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
DRESS COMPONENT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
FIGURINE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
FURNITURE FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
STRAP FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
TOKEN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status - none

Sources and further reading

---	Aerial Photograph: St. Joseph AP VU 14,15.
---	Oblique Aerial Photograph: Edwards, D.A. (NLA). 1996. NHER TG 3516S-T (NLA 363/JCQ10-1) 08-JUL-1996.
---	Monograph: Ashley, S. 2002. Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture in Norfolk. East Anglian Archaeology. No 101.
---	Record Card: NAU Staff. 1974-1988. Norfolk Archaeological Index Primary Record Card.
---	Secondary File: Secondary File.
---	Slide: Various. Slide.
---	Photograph: CZM 22-27.
---	Collection: Norfolk Historic Environment Record Staff. 1975-[2000]. HER Record Notes. Norfolk Historic Environment Service.
<S1>	Illustration: Unknown. 1980. Drawing of a medieval horse harness pendant.. Card. 1:1.
<S2>	Article in Serial: Lawson, A.. 1980. The Horning Hoard. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XXXVII Pt III pp 333-338.
<S3>	Unpublished Document: Lawson, A. 1982. The Horning Hoard, Norfolk (England) [draft entry for publication in British Bronze Age Metalwork].
<S4>	Illustration: Lawson, A. 1981. Drawing of various copper alloy objects from Bronze Age hoard, including socketed axeheads, spearhead fragments, bangle fragment, dirk fragment, ?ferrule fragment and casting jet. Paper. 1:2.
<S5>	X-ray: 1981. NX 757. X-ray of horse harness pendant.
<S6>	Illustration: White, S. 1984. Drawing of a Late Bronze Age copper alloy socketed gouge fragment, fragment of copper alloy socketed axehead and unidentifiable copper alloy fragment. Film. 1:1.
<S7>	Illustration: Wymer, J. 1987. Drawing of Late Bronze Age copper alloy socketed axehead and socketed spearhead fragments. Paper. 1:1.
<S8>	Illustration: Kercher, J.. 1998. Drawing of a complete Late Bronze Age socketed axe.. Card. 1:1.
<S9>	Illustration: Holness, A.. 1999. Drawing of a Late Bronze Age fragment of a socketed axehead.. Film. 1:1.