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Record Details

NHER Number:30441
Type of record:Monument
Name:Roman settlement, Early Saxon inhumation cemetery and multi-period finds

Summary

Prehistoric flint implements, including a possible Mesolithic/Early Neolithic axehead roughout, a Neolithic arrowhead and an Iron Age coin and metalwork, found by metal-detecting. Roman brooches, coins, pottery and other metalwork suggest that this site may have been part of a settlement during the Roman period. The number of Early Saxon finds recovered from this site, including a number of brooches, suggest that the site was used as an inhumation cemetery in the Early Saxon period. Middle Saxon metalwork, and Late Saxon pottery, coins and metalwork have been found by metal-detecting, as well as medieval and pottery and metalwork and post-medieval metalwork. Metal-detecting in 2001 recovered a Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age barbed and tanged arrowhead and a 16th century knife handle.

Images

  • An Iron Age ring-necked pin from West Rudham © Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service and S. White
  • A Middle Saxon decorative mount from West Rudham © Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service
  • An Early Saxon ring found in West Rudham. © Norfolk Museums & Archaeology Service

Location

Grid Reference:Not displayed
Map Sheet:TF82NW
Parish:WEST RUDHAM, WEST NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Full description

1993-1994. Metal-detecting finds.
Roman, Late Saxon, medieval, post-medieval metalwork.
Roman, medieval, post-medieval coins.
All with grid references supplied by finder.
See lists in file and press cutting.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 1 March 1994.

November-December 1994. Metal-detecting finds. East field, southwest part.
1 Roman coin.
Early Saxon brooch and tweezers.
1 medieval jetton.
See lists in file.
Identified by J. Davies, S. Margeson (NCM), A. Rogerson (NLA).
A. Rogerson (NLA), 9 January 1995.

December 1994-January 1995. Metal-detecting finds.
Medieval and post-medieval coins.
Post-medieval objects.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 6 March 1995.

February 1995.
Roman, medieval and post-medieval coins.
Early Saxon brooch.
Middle Saxon object - a later 8th century Irish mount, illustrated in (S1). See (S2)
Late Saxon strap end.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 25 March 1995.

April 1995.
Roman, medieval, post-medieval coins.
Medieval and post-medieval tokens.
Iron Age, Roman, Early Saxon, Middle Saxon, Late Saxon, medieval and post-medieval finds.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 2 June 1995.

October 1995. Metal-detecting finds in area [1].
Roman and medieval coins.
Undated gold fragment.
Roman and medieval sherds.
Early Saxon brooches and artefact.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 27 November 1995.

February 1996. Metal-detecting finds in two areas, [2] and [3].
Roman, Late Saxon, medieval coins.
Roman pin.
Late Saxon brooch.
Medieval belt fitting.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 28 March 1996.

March 1996. Metal-detecting finds.
Roman, medieval coins. See list in file.
Iron Age pin, (S3).
Early Saxon S shaped brooch.
Late Saxon stirrup-strap mount.
Details in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 3 May 1996.

May-June 1996. Metal-detecting finds.
Late Saxon strap-end and Late Saxon sherd.
See list in file.
To be photographed.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 9 July 1996.

May-June 1996. Metal-detecting finds at [4].
Late Saxon coin.
Medieval coins.
Metal-detecting finds at [5].
Medieval coins.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 5 August 1996.

September-October 1996. Metal-detecting finds.
Late Saxon brooch (S4).
Iron Age, Roman, medieval and post-medieval coins. Medieval jetton.
Late Saxon brooch.
Medieval stud.
A. Rogerson (NLA).

September 1997. Metal-detecting finds.
2 Early Saxon brooches, (S5 and S8).
Post-medieval stud.
See list in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 1 November 1997.

September 1997.
Early Saxon small long brooch.
See description and grid reference in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 2 January 1998.

September 1998. Metal-detecting finds.
Roman and medieval coins.
Late Saxon, mount/terminal (S6), stirrup, mounts and strap ends.
Medieval and post-medieval metal finds.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 30 October 1998.

Before May 1999. Metal-detecting.
Neolithic flaked axe.
9 Roman coins.
2 medieval and 2 post-medieval coins.
Roman, Early Saxon, medieval post-medieval and undatable metal finds.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 5 June 1999.

May 1999. Metal-detecting.
Medieval jetton. See description in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 5 July 1999.

January 2000. Metal-detecting. At [6].
Undatable Prehistoric flint blade.
See description in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 7 March 2000.

March 2000. Metal-detecting.
1 medieval coin.
Medieval seal matrix.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 24 April 2000.

Before July 2000. Metal-detecting.
Late Neolithic arrowhead (S7).
3 Roman coins.
1 post-medieval coin.
Early Saxon, Late Saxon and undated metal finds.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 24 July 2000.

October 2000. Metal-detecting.
Early Saxon glass bead.
See description in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 30 November 2000.

May 2002. Metal-detecting.
Found in area centred at [8]:
1 ?Mesolithic/Early Neolithic ?axe roughout and 2 blades.
1 Early Neolithic leaf arrowhead.
1 ?Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age probable discoidal knife.

Found in area centred at [9]:
1 Roman coin.

Found in area centred at [10]:
21 Roman coins, 1 copper alloy finger ring.
1 Early Saxon cruciform brooch side knob.
4 medieval coins and 1 lead seal matrix.
1 post-medieval furniture handle back plate.
2 undatable copper alloy rings and copper alloy finger ring.

Found in area centred at [11]:
1 Roman dolphin brooch.
1 Early Saxon buckle.
4 Late Saxon pottery sherds and 1 strap end.
4 medieval coins, 1 pottery sherd and 1 ampulla.
1 undatable lead object (possibly the model for a pendant or the clapper for a bell?).

Flints identified by P. Robins (NCM), coins by A. Marsden (NCM) and other objects by A. Rogerson (NLA). See list and descriptions in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 3 July 2002. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 11 December 2013.

August-September 2002. Metal-detecting.
Fragment of square headed brooch joining fragments found in October 1995.
See description in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 6 November 2002.

October-November 2002. Metal-detecting.
15 Roman and 1 post-medieval coin.
Medieval jetton.
Roman, Early Saxon, Middle Saxon, medieval and undatable metal finds.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 9 December 2002.

The number of Early Saxon metal finds made since 1994 suggests an inhumation cemetery.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 13 February 2005.

December 2004 to January 2005. Metal-detecting.
Neolithic worked flints.
2 Roman coins.
Fragment of Early Saxon great square headed brooch, (S9).
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 13 February 2005.

December 2005-January 2006. Metal-detecting. [7]
Late Saxon strap end of unusual form, (S10).
See description in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 10 February 2006.

October-November 2006. Metal-detecting.
Prehistoric flint flakes.
4 Roman coins.
Roman, Early Saxon (S11), medieval and post-medieval metal objects.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (NLA), 8 December 2006.

March-April 2011. Metal-detecting.
Barbed and tanged arrowhead and 16th-century knife handle.
See lists in file.
A. Rogerson (HES), 6 May 2011.

Monument Types

  • FINDSPOT (Unknown date)
  • FINDSPOT (Prehistoric - 1000000 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Mesolithic to Early Neolithic - 10000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Neolithic - 3000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • SETTLEMENT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Early Saxon - 410 AD to 650 AD)
  • INHUMATION CEMETERY (Early Saxon - 410 AD to 650 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds

  • BELL (Unknown date)
  • CASTING WASTE (Unknown date)
  • FINGER RING (Unknown date)
  • PENDANT (Unknown date)
  • RING (Unknown date)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Undated)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Undated)
  • WEIGHT (Undated)
  • BLADE (Lower Palaeolithic to Late Iron Age - 500000 BC to 42 AD)
  • AXEHEAD ROUGHOUT (Early Mesolithic to Early Neolithic - 10000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • BLADE (Early Mesolithic to Early Neolithic - 10000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • ARROWHEAD (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • FLAKE (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • KNIFE (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • LEAF ARROWHEAD (Early Neolithic - 4000 BC to 3001 BC)
  • RETOUCHED FLAKE (Late Prehistoric - 4000 BC to 42 AD)
  • SCRAPER (TOOL) (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • ARROWHEAD (Late Neolithic - 3000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • BARBED AND TANGED ARROWHEAD (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • DISCOIDAL KNIFE? (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC to 1501 BC)
  • COIN (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • FURNITURE FITTING (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • PIN (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Iron Age - 800 BC to 42 AD)
  • BRACELET (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • BROOCH (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • BROOCH (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • COIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FINGER RING (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FURNITURE FITTING (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • PIN (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • BEAD (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BROOCH (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BROOCH (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BROOCH (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • FINGER RING (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • GIRDLE HANGER (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • PIN (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • SLEEVE CLASP (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • TWEEZERS (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • UNIDENTIFIED OBJECT (Early Saxon - 411 AD to 650 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
  • PERSONAL ORNAMENT (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Middle Saxon - 651 AD to 850 AD)
  • BOX (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • BROOCH (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • BROOCH (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • COIN (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • FURNITURE FITTING (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • HARNESS (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • PERSONAL ORNAMENT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • POT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • POT (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • STIRRUP (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • STRAP END (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • STRAP END (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Late Saxon - 851 AD to 1065 AD)
  • AMPULLA (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BRASS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BROOCH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BROOCH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUCKLE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUTTON (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • CANDLE HOLDER (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • COIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • DISH (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • DRESS COMPONENT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • HARNESS (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • JETTON (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • KEY (LOCKING) (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PENDANT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PERSONAL ORNAMENT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PILGRIM BADGE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PIN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • PURSE (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SCABBARD (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SEAL MATRIX (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SEAL MATRIX (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SEAL MATRIX (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SPINDLE WHORL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • STUD (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SWORD (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TOKEN (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • VESSEL (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • WEIGHT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BUTTON (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • CAME (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • COIN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • COIN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • DRESS COMPONENT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • DRESS HOOK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FURNITURE FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • FURNITURE FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • KNIFE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POWDER MEASURE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • PURSE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • RING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • RING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • RING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • SEAL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • SPINDLE WHORL (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • STRAP FITTING (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • STUD (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • SWORD (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • TOKEN (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status

  • SHINE

Sources and further reading

---Photograph: NLA. Finds Photograph.
---Photograph: I & RS. Digital finds image.
---Unpublished Document: Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 2000. Treasure Annual Report 1998-1999. p 26; No 49; Figs 57.1 and 57.2.
---Monograph: Ashley, S. 2002. Medieval Armorial Horse Furniture in Norfolk. East Anglian Archaeology. No 101.
---Unpublished Document: Department for Culture, Media and Sport. 1999. Treasure Annual Report 1997–98. No 104.
---Monograph: Williams, D. 1997. Late Saxon stirrup-strap mounts. A classification and catalogue. A contribution to the study of Late Saxon ornamental metalwork.. CBA Research Report. No. 111. No 484; pp 100-101; Fig 62.
---Photograph: JJA 17, Early Saxon small/long brooch fragment..
---Photograph: JJA 18, 19, knob from an Early Saxon silver brooch..
---Photograph: JHT 28, 29, Late Saxon disc brooch..
---Photograph: JHT 30, 31, Iron Age/Romano British, trinovantes coin..
---Photograph: JHT 32-34, Late Saxon disc brooch..
---Photograph: JJB 30, Early Saxon small/long brooch..
---Photograph: 1999. KSL 34-35, Square Headed brooch fragment..
---Photograph: 1995. LCH 8, Early Saxon brooch..
---Photograph: 1995. LCH 11-12, Early Saxon squareheaded brooch fragment..
---Photograph: 1995. LCM 23-24, Middle Saxon mount fragment..
---Photograph: 1995. LCV 0-1, Early Saxon wrist clasp..
---Photograph: 1995. LCV 2-3, Early Saxon small long brooch..
---Photograph: 1995. LDA 33-34, Iron Age/ Romano British mount..
---Photograph: 1995. LDG 18-19, Late Saxon strap-end..
---Photograph: 1995. LDG 20-21, Early Saxon cruciform foot..
---Photograph: 1995. LDG 22, Early Saxon cruciform bow..
---Photograph: 1995. LDJ 1-3, Early Saxon gilt brooch..
---Photograph: 1995. LDJ 4-5, Early Saxon tweezer franment..
---Photograph: 1994. LDT 1-4, Late Saxon box mount..
---Photograph: 1994. LDT 5-7, Romano British unidentified object..
---Secondary File: Secondary File.
---Newspaper Article: Lynn News. 1994. Gold coins to be kept by finder. 8 March.
<S1>Unpublished Document: Youngs, S.. 2001. From Ireland Coming: fine Irish metalwork from the Medway, Kent, England IN From Ireland Coming: Irish art from the Early Christian to the late Gothic period and its European context. pp 249-260. Fig 8.
<S2>Illustration: British Museum. 1995. Drawing of a Middle Saxon mount.. Paper. 2:1.
<S3>Illustration: White, S.. 1996. Drawing of an Early Iron Age ring-necked pin.. Film. 2:1.
<S4>Illustration: Holness, A. 1996. Drawing of a Late Saxon disc brooch.. Paper. 1:1.
<S5>Illustration: Ashley, S.. 1997. Drawing of an Early Saxon silver brooch side knob.. Film. 2:1.
<S6>Illustration: Holness, A.. 1998. Drawing of a Late Saxon mount/terminal fragment.. Paper. 1:1.
<S7>Illustration: Robins, P.. 1999. Drawing of a Neolithic chisel arrowhaed.. Paper. 1:1.
<S8>Illustration: White, S.. 2003. Drawing of an Early Saxon silver brooch side knob.. Film. 2:1.
<S9>Illustration: Gibbons, J.. 2005. Drawing of an Early Saxon square-headed brooch fragment.. Film. 2:1.
<S10>Illustration: Gibbons, J.. 2005. Drawing of a Late Saxon copper alloy strap-end.. Film. 2:1.
<S11>Illustration: Gibbons, J.. 2006. Drawing of an Early Saxon finger ring.. Film. 2:1.

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