Record Details

NHER Number:9866
Type of record:Monument
Name:Part of Scole Roman and medieval settlement

Summary

This site and the adjacent fields to the east, NHER 1007, form part of the Roman and medieval settlement of Scole, which lay on the Roman road from Colchester to Caistor St Edmund. Excavations took place in 1973 and the site was scheduled in 1988, although this did not prevent surviving earthworks being deliberately levelled in 1997. Survey and fieldwalking activities subsequently took place in order to salvage what evidence remained. Roman and medieval pottery sherds, prehistoric worked flints and Roman and medieval building materials have been recovered on this site.

Images - none

Location

Grid Reference:TM 144 788
Map Sheet:TM17NW
Parish:SCOLE, SOUTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Full description

9976. Context Two, east end of field.
Twelve sherds of Roman ware collected from molehills. No trace of an east to west road, but towards modern road rectangular ditched areas presumably tofts.
A. Rogerson (NAU), 30 April 1976

1967. Stray Find.
Found in molehill at Context 3 ([1]):
1 Mesolithic microlith (obliquely blunted point). This discovery was reported in (S1) and is also listed in (S2) and (S3) (being recorded as burnt in the latter). Information from (S4).
P. Watkins (HES), 9 January 2014.

Spring 1982. Context Four. (Formerly numbered NHER 18495). [2] Found in molehill in artificial platform in northwest corner of field. 22m south, 11m east of corner.
Spindle whorl of Roman greyware.
NCM from NAU fieldwork.
A. Gregory (NAU), 5 November 1982.

November 1987. Trial Trench Evaluation and Earthwork Survey.
Evaluation undertaken on route of proposed A140 Scole Bypass. Details under NHER 1007
See plan in file of earthworks covering field (medieval and Roman occupation levels).
For detailed report see (S5).
E. Rose (NAU), 7 January 1988.

Land scheduled November 1988.

For fiche see NHER 1007.
Schedule, site plan and press cuttings in file.

24 April 1997. NLA air photography.
Photographs taken detailing severe plough damage to Roman road and medieval ditched enclosures.
Gravel and silt deposits can be seen spread by action of plough, creating characteristic zig-zag appearance.
S. Massey (NLA), 26 October 2001.

29 April 1997. Field Survey.
Fieldwork undertaken following the levelling of the former earthworks.
Survey of soil marks undertaken by B. Cushion (NLA). See report (S6) for further details and copy of plan (S7).
Systematic fieldwalking undertaken at same time, predominantly by A. Davison (area centred TM 1500 7887). Poor soil conditions. [1]. [2].
Much Roman pottery and core of medieval sherds in north part.
Three prehistoric flints.
Some post medieval material.
See lists, plan notes, copy of survey in file.
The results of this work are summarised in (S8). For further information on the destruction of the earthworks and subsequent events see newspaper articles (S9).
A. Rogerson (NLA) 13 May 1997. Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 12 November 2015.

September 2000. Illegal flytipping/bonfire.
See report in secondary file.
D. Gurney, 11 September 2000.

Monument Types

  • FINDSPOT (Mesolithic - 10000 BC to 4001 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • FINDSPOT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • SETTLEMENT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • SETTLEMENT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • TOFT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • FINDSPOT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Associated Finds

  • MICROLITH (Mesolithic - 10000 BC to 4001 BC)
  • KNIFE (Neolithic - 4000 BC to 2351 BC)
  • POT (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • SPINDLE WHORL (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • TILE (Roman - 43 AD to 409 AD)
  • POT (Medieval - 1066 AD to 1539 AD)
  • BRICK (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • POT (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)
  • ROOF TILE (Post Medieval - 1540 AD to 1900 AD)

Protected Status

  • Scheduled Monument

Sources and further reading

---Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 1988. Ruling on fields may hit bypass. 12 December.
---Serial: 1973. Council for British Archaeology Group 7 Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries for 1973. No 20. p 13.
---Aerial Photograph: Edwards, D.A. (NLA). 1997. TM 1478ABG - ABS, AFF - AFP.
---Record Card: Ordnance Survey Staff. 1933-1979?. Ordnance Survey Record Cards. TM 17 NW 28.
---Record Card: NAU Staff. 1974-1988. Norfolk Archaeological Index Primary Record Card.
---Secondary File: Secondary File.
---Fiche: Exists.
<S1>Serial: 1967. Council for British Archaeology Group 7 Bulletin of Archaeological Discoveries for 1967. No 14. p 8.
<S2>Monograph: Wymer, J. J. and Bonsall, C. J. (eds). 1977. Gazetteer of Mesolithic Sites in England and Wales with a Gazetteer of Upper Palaeolithic Sites in England and Wales. Council for British Archaeology Research Report. No. 20. p 212.
<S3>Archive: R. Jacobi. -. Jacobi Archive. 10341.
<S4>Record Card: Clarke, R. R. and NCM Staff. 1933-1973. Norwich Castle Museum Record Card - Mesolithic.
<S5>Unpublished Contractor Report: [Unknown]. 1987. Trial Excavations at Scole, Norfolk, November 1987. Norfolk Archaeological Unit.
<S6>Unpublished Report: Cushion, B. 1997. Scole SMR 9866. Earthwork Survey Report.
<S7>Illustration: Cushion, B. 1997. Plan of soilmarks at Scole SMR 9866 (Field 4988). Film. 1:1000.
<S8>Article in Serial: Gurney, D. and Penn, K. (eds). 1998. Excavations and Surveys in Norfolk 1997. Norfolk Archaeology. Vol XLIII Pt I pp 193-210. p 205.
<S9>Newspaper Article: Eastern Daily Press. 1997-1998. [Articles on the ploughing at Villa Faustini].

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